Sugarcane, or sugar cane, is one of the several species of tall perennial true grasses of the genus Saccharum, tribe Andropogoneae, native to the warm temperate to tropical regions of South Asia, Melanesia, and used for sugar production. It has stout jointed fibrous stalks that are rich in the sugar sucrose, which accumulates in the stalk internodes. The plant is two to six metres (6 to 19 feet) tall. All sugar cane species interbreed and the major commercial cultivars are complex hybrids. Sugarcane belongs to the grass family Poaceae, an economically important seed plant family that includes maize, wheat, rice, and sorghum and many forage crops.
Source: Wikipedia
The Saccharum genus comprises six species:
Saccharum officinarum, S. sinensis and S. barberi are the three main cultivated species of sugarcane. S. spontaneum and S. robustum are the wild species which are used for breeding and research study only.
S. edule is cultivated as vegetable.
S. sinensis and S. barberi are thought to be ancient intergeneric hybrid.
S. sinensis=Saccharum officinarum x Erianthus
S. barberi=Saccharum officinarum x Miscanthus
Erianthus & Miscanthus are closely related with Saccharum.
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